This experiment is to demonstrate the use of some very common instruments used in electrical engineering. It is also possible to set a dc offset, which just adds a constant voltage to the wave. Advanced students can build on the lab and challenge themselves to design band. Use the capstone software to set up a dispaly containing a two column table, and select voltage in the rst column, and time in the second column. Eece 251 how to measure the time constant of an rc circuit.
These components may be in different positions than in the diagrams below. Students will learn about the equations that govern capacitor charging and discharging, the rc circuit time constant, and be introduced to using rc circuits as lowpass and highpass filters. An rc circuit can be used to make some crude filters like lowpass, highpass and bandpass filters. Name name ta section ee 100 experiment 2 oscilloscope lab report this write up follows along with the hands on section of the lab it requires you to draw some of the signals you ll observe on the oscilloscope and to correctly understand the concepts of amplitude and frequency you should complete this report as you do the lab exercises iii hands on a graphing a signal. You can press autoset on the oscilloscope face upper right and it will try to pick the best settings. Square wave applied to rc circuit in blue and voltage across capacitor in dashed red vs. With this platform and simple programming, we are able to set a square wave generator, a data acquisition system dac, and a real time signal. Make plots of each lowpass filter shown in figure 1.
Lab 7 rc circuits lab report phy 156 physics ii csi. The pulse width relative to a circuit s time constant determines how it is affected by an rc circuit. Circuitlab is an inbrowser schematic capture and circuit simulation software tool to help you rapidly design and analyze analog and digital electronics systems. Rc circuits introduction in this laboratory you will examine a simple circuit consisting of only one capacitor and one resistor. The following software have been tested for sound signal input via 3. Frank smith, cal poly pomona university, 2016 cannot be observed on the oscilloscope as shown in figures 2 and 4. Set up the rlc circuit as shown in figure 1 figure 1 apply a 4.
Use the red and black leads of the cable for the function generator output and make sure the volume of the pc soundcard is not set on mute. Purpose to learn about the concept of capacitance, resistance and inductance. In this experiment we will study the properties of rc circuits in the time and frequency domain. By applying a constant1 voltage also called dc or direct current to the circuit, you will. To study the transient behavior of voltage and current in rc circuits. When the switch is moves to position, the input voltage drops to zero. To measure the time constants associated with a discharging and charging rc resistive.
This laboratory manual is intended for use in an ac electrical circuits course and is appropriate for either a two or four year electrical engineering technology curriculum. During my experiment it has come to my attention that the peak voltage level was getting over 25v by a very small factor during the pulse switches ie. For a capacitor the voltage lags the current by 90 o, and for an inductor the voltage leads the current by 90 o. To verify the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in parallel and series combinations.
Public circuits, schematics, and circuit simulations on circuitlab tagged oscilloscope. Triggering the display on the oscilloscope can only graph the voltage for a finite time interval. Compare this result with the plot from preparation step b. Circuits figure 1 shows the firstorder rc circuit whose step response will be studied in this lab. This experiment describes the oscilloscope and illustrates its use with several exercises involving series rc, rl, rlc circuits plus an electrical relay. Please go to the following video link to get familiar with the oscilloscope before. A tutorial and multisim simulation on the rc time constant. A computerbased oscilloscope enables us to monitor the resulting voltage across the capacitor as the stored charge is changed by the resistor current. In this lab experiment we will measure the time constant. Step response of rc circuits university of washington. The observed capacitor response can be analyzed in detail once the data is transferred to analysis software. We describe the full construction cycle of an experiment using an open source hardware platform, arduino 3. To explore the time dependent behavior of rc and rl circuits pre lab reading introduction when a battery is connected to a circuit consisting of wires and other circuit elements.
I have to use a function generator and oscilloscope to find the critical frequency which i believe is the same as cutoff frequencythe 0. I made an rc curcuit on a breadboard gave it a of 25v measured the voltage across it with an oscilloscope. They can capture, display, and analyse an electrical input signal. We will also learn how to measure time constants using the oscilloscopes in room 348. Thus, you are measuring the voltage of the resistor in an rc circuit. Introduction to the oscilloscope and rc circuits introduction this experiment will lead you through the steps on using an oscilloscope to measure the output of a dc power supply and the output of a function generator and then to utilize the oscilloscope to measure the time dependent properties of. If you are on low budget and cannot afford an oscilloscope, then these pc oscilloscope software will come in handy. Rc, rl and rlc circuit basic principle and circuit. These tools allow students, hobbyists, and professional engineers to design and analyze analog and digital systems before ever building a prototype. The transient behavior of rc circuits is also tested. In this lab activity you will apply a pulse waveform to the rc circuit to analyses the transient response of the circuit.
R1 10 k r2 1 k vin 5 v dc the oscilloscope is a useful instrument for studying the behavior of an electronic circuit. The rules for series and parallel combinations of resistors and. Build and simulate the circuits in figure 4 3 using any simulation software such as multisim or multisim live. Pass the current through the ammeter so we can measure it. The use of computer controlled equipment is also introduced here. A digital storage oscilloscope is a piece of electronic test equipment primarily used to measure voltage, but it can detect sound waves as well. For a resistor the voltage is in phase with the current. The rc circuit is a passive highpass filter with a lowfrequency. The pulsewidth relative to a circuit s time constant determines how it is affected by an rc circuit. Voltage waveforms in a series rc circuit d from voltage vx across rx, you could use ohms law to obtain the current ix, but both ix and vx will have the same time constant. The inductor is based on the principle of inductance that moving charges create a magnetic eld the reverse is also true a moving magnetic eld creates an electric eld.
In other words, the resistor in the 850 universal interface is the r in the rc circuit. Here is a list of best free oscilloscope software for windows. This lab covers the basic characteristics of rc circuits, including both dc and ac analysis, simulation, and experimentation. Response of first order rl and rc circuits 1 objectives in this experiment the natural and step responses of rl and rc circuits are examined. These types of circuits are also called as rc filters or rc networks since they are most commonly used in filtering applications. They can automatically produce all kinds of measurements, like the period, rise time, width, duty cycle, max and min voltages, and lots more, and even decode communications protocols like rs232, and i2c.
Set the scope up to get a single trace for channel 1. The oszilloscope program can be accessed from the scope icon on the desktop. Set up the circuit shown in figure 5 on your solderless breadboard with the component values r 1 2. Oscilloscope sound experiments simply smarter circuitry blog. Circuitlab is an inbrowser schematic capture and circuit simulation software tool to help you rapidly design and analyze. To determine the capacitance of an unknown capacitor from the time constant.
With this course, you will learn how to use an oscilloscope to capture, display, and analyse any electrical input signal. Figure 2 shows two sections of the firstorder rc circuit connected in series to illustrate a simple technique to model computer bus systems pci bus, scsi bus, etc. Xc capacitors in ac series rc circuit with oscilloscope impedance duration. Three connections to the alm are required as shown by the green boxes. Jul 17, 2015 a tutorial and multisim simulation on the rc time constant. The series rc circuit and the oscilloscope we shall use the oscilloscope to study charging and discharging of a capacitor in a simple rc circuit similar to the one shown in fig. Rc circuits northwestern undergraduate physics labs. These software work as cro software on your pc to analyze signals and sound. An oscilloscope is an invaluable tool for testing electronic circuits by measuring voltages over time, and figure 5 shows the schematic for monitoring an rc circuit with an oscilloscope. Using the awg, oscilloscope, and network analyzer to observe the behavior of an rc circuit. Phy 124 ac circuits stony brook physics laboratory manuals. In place of the multimeter used in the first part of lab, the oscilloscope will be used. First connect the signal generator directly to the oscilloscope as shown. Feb 15, 20 rc circuits physics problems, time constant explained, capacitor charging and discharging duration.
For more information about rc circuits, see kjf ch. To change the voltage suddenly, a function generator will be used. Introduction to the oscilloscope and rc circuits introduction this experiment will lead you through the steps on using an oscilloscope to measure the output of a dc power supply and the output of a function generator and then to utilize the oscilloscope to measure the time dependent properties of a simple rc circuit. The rc circuit 1 university of north carolina 74 part 2. A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field. Each experiment is an opportunity to learn and practice several new workflows and operations. Twentyseven students, mostly secondyear students majoring in biology, chemistry, premed and nonscience majors were asked to perform rc and lr circuit time constant experiments, first using the conventional oscilloscope setup and then the ipad virtual oscilloscope. For a dc measurement, the sweep time is unimportant. Ece 231 laboratory exercise 6 frequency response of rl and rc circuits 5 r. In this lab activity, you will apply a pulse waveform to the rc circuit to analyze the transient response of the circuit.
Figure 1 diagram of an rc circuit when the switch is in position 1, the voltage source supplies a current to the resistor and the capacitor. Using oscilloscope to solve rl circuit asfand yar sanam. Theory overview the dc steady state response of rl and rc circuits are essential opposite of each other. Today i will be demonstrating how to use the arduino and a software, which will be developed with python, to build a low cost, 4channel arduino oscilloscope capable of performing the tasks for which some of the cheap oscilloscope are deployed like the display of waveforms and determination of voltage levels for signals. Sep 28, 2017 using oscilloscope to solve rl circuit asfand yar sanam. The time that your dome lights inside your car stay on after you turn o your cars ignition at night is one example of how a capacitor can be used to. Rc circuits introduction capacitors are used in timing circuits in many devices. Rc circuits and the oscilloscope physics lab x objective in this series of experiments, the time constant of an rc circuit will be measured experimentally and compared with the theoretical expression for it. Set the input voltage to with a frequency of 1 khz. Lab 5 report oscilloscope and rc circuits phys 20800.
Mar 26, 2014 rc circuits physics problems, time constant explained, capacitor charging and discharging duration. Ac circuits rlc circuit introduction an inductor l is an important component of circuits, on the same level as resistors r and capacitors c. The rc circuit resistor capacitor circuit will consist of a capacitor and a resistor connected either in series or parallel to a voltage or current source. In the first part of the lab, you will observe the time dependence of the current in two circuits with large rc values i. Updated january 20, 2020, with a new section and experiment. In this experiment, this input voltage is read by the oscilloscopes ch 1. Use the same component values as in the preparation and the same input settings used in the simulation, and build the circuits shown in figure 4 3 a d. Practical capacitor values usually lie in the picofarad 1 pf 1012 f to microfarad 1 f 106 f range. How to use multisim oscilloscope on a rc series circuit duration. Lab rc circuit phy 2 oscilloscope and rc time constant. This course will guide you through a series of experiments so you can practice taking measurements, like the period, rise time, width, duty cycle, max and min voltages, and lots more, and even decode communications protocols like rs232, and i2c. Berkeley eleng 100 oscilloscope lab report gradebuddy. Series rc circuit wire the series rc circuit as shown in fig. The rules for series and parallel combinations of resistors and capacitors will also be explored.
And third, ill show you how to use the oscilloscope by guiding you through multiple experiments. Be careful when measuring the voltage of the different elements in your. We will use a twochannel oscilloscope to monitor the important voltages throughout the experiment. Construct the circuit shown in figure 1 using the following components. We will study the way voltages and currents change in these circuits when voltages are suddenly applied or removed. The response curve is increasing and is shown in figure 2. When trc, the voltage on the capacitor is v o e or 37% of its initial value. Rc, rl and rlc circuits y you have just determined this circuit s time constant from the capacitor discharging curve. Rc circuits and the oscilloscope mercer university. You should trigger on a1 edge and set main time ref to left, and always use the knobs to zoom in upon your cursor.
Circuitlab provides online, inbrowser tools for schematic capture and circuit simulation. Set up the circuit shown in figure 5 on your solderless breadboard with the component values r1 2. A measure of time required for certain changes in voltages and currents in rc and rl circuits. However, since we have swapped the resistor and the capacitor, the grounds are at the same point in the circuit. Through the oscilloscope, the group was able to measure both ac and dc signals.
Transient response of resistorcapacitor rc and resistor. Rc circuits, time constants, and oscilloscopes capacitor circuits in this lab, we will learn about time constants of rc circuits. In this lab, the group was able to measure voltage drops over time through an oscilloscope, a tool used to read electrical signals. Use a timer to measure rc from the charge and discharge curve of a circuit with larger rc slow familiarize with an oscilloscope use the oscilloscope to study a circuit with small rc fast. The manual contains sufficient exercises for a typical 15 week course using a two to three hour practicum period. In theory, ac signals frequently take the form of a sine wave.
Theoretically, the time constant is given by the product of the resistance and capacitance in the circuit, rc. Create a 100 hz square wave on the signal generator and make sure you can see the signal on the oscilloscope. We will study these circuits when the input voltages are suddenly applied or removed transient behavior. In this experiment, we will investigate the behavior of circuits containing combinations of resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Rc circuits 3 figure 5 also records the voltage over the resistor. Time constant of an rc circuit objective to show that the theoretical curves we derive in class for the charging and discharging of a capacitor actually apply to the real world. Introduction this project is designed to familiarize the user with the arbitrary waveform generator awg and oscilloscope instruments within the digilent waveforms software. The rc circuit department of physics and astronomy. When the switch in figure 3 is in position, the input voltage is the peak voltage is. The oscilloscope needs to know what time interval to graph. Ece 231 laboratory exercise 6 frequency time response of. Electronics explorer intro to the arbitrary waveform. Oct 23, 20 in this experiment, the student computes the time constant of a simple rc circuit, then applies a square wave to the rc circuit and used the oscilloscope to measure the actual time constant, tau. L 4 series rc circuit in a series rc circuit, since the currents are the same then the voltages across r and c are 90 o out of phase.
And to use those instruments to measure the characteristics of an rc circuit. Objective the objective of this experiment is to examine the dynamic behavior of an lr circuit by using an oscilloscope to visualize the voltage across the resistor for both rising and. Construct the rc circuit shown in figure 2 on your solderless breadboard with the component values r 1 100. We get a corressponding waveform in the oscilloscope screen. Emitted as resonant frequencies, longitudinal sounds waves travel through a medium like air or water and the medium dictates the sounds travel speed, which in turn changes the way we hear certain. In this experiment you will study different rc circuits and observe their properties main goals are. November 12, 2015 phys 20800 section st5 oscilloscope and rc circuits introduction the goal of this lab was to observe the charging and discharging of a capacitor using the oscilloscope as well as being able to measure the impedance of an electric voltmeter by use of a capacitor discharge. The phase shift between the input and output can be read on the oscilloscope using the soft keys. The ipad as a virtual oscilloscope for measuring time. Using the capacimeter and an ohmmeter, nd the capacitance and resistance of the small capacitor. Second, ill help you get comfortable with your oscilloscope, calibrate it and get it ready for use. The objective of the experiment was to measure the relaxation times. Materialstektronix oscilloscope tds1002 signal generatorelectric voltmetercircuit board 1.
1159 1507 4 436 101 525 1410 573 752 699 938 1020 1106 1477 143 1 268 520 1380 302 1114 832 86 1029 229 166 542 349 1125 1418 1452 541 907 192 563 468 541 193 113 1166 1114 501 747 576 1474 210 474